Architecture - Papers On Architecture
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Stonehenge Temples in England
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The writer of this 14 page research paper provides an informative informative view on the Stonehenge Temples in England. The description of Stonehenge is inclued, as well as the theories on how this monument came to be. Bibliography included.
Filename: Stoneh.wps

Roman Architecture
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An 11 page paper on Roman architecture focusing on such subtopics as the dome construction of temples & civic monuments, city planning, theaters, the Domus, triumphal arches, Roman tombs, and more. In addition to discussion culture, purpose, and general aesthetics, the writer also makes mention of the tools and methods used to construct these great architectural works. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Romanarc.wps

Roman Architecture # 2
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This subject is evaluated in terms of its influence on western architecture in this 5 page paper. Also discussed are social factors present when the structures were built as compared with mores and systems present today. Also included is discussion on building materials and style which is compared and contrasted with western art. Government buildings, stadiums, bath houses, importance of the bedroom and magnificence of the gardens are each highlighted. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Romanar.wps

Recycling Cities' Industrial Areas
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A 5 page paper discussing decay in downtown Detroit, the renovation of the L&N Railroad terminal in Knoxville, Tennessee and the conversion of tobacco warehouses in Durham, North Carolina to a pedestrian shopping mall. These beautiful old buildings that have been sitting vacant for decades can have a positive effect on the areas around them. Narrow, twisting streets may not be conducive to using them again as industrial sites, but there are higher and better uses available. Whether used for shops, restaurants, offices, apartments or a combination, cities' old industrial areas can become vital once again, and in ways never originally intended. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KSurbanArch.wps

City Planning In Renaissance Italy
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A 12 page research paper that analyzes the role of the Renaissance in Italian architecture and city planning, focusing on the cities of Venice, Florence, and Rome. The writer postulates that the Renaissance style of simplicity and symmetry, along with each city's geography, particularly influenced the development of neighborhoods and communities. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Renitaly.wps

The Bronze Doors of Grace Cathedral and Italian Renaissance
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A 5 page paper that looks at the doors of Grace Cathedral in San Francisco, modeled after the doors of the Baptistery at San Giovanni by Lorenzo Ghiberti, and considers how they are representative of Italian Renaissance architecture. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Grdoors.wps

Religious Architecture
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A 9 page paper focusing on the architectural styles of three primary religions. The writer explains various structures common to Christian, Buddhist, and Islamic religious styles. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Archi.wps

Religious Symbolism in the Architecture of Westminster Abbey
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A 10 page essay examining the ways in which the Abbey plays a significant role both in the religious and political consciousness of the England. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Westabb.wps

The Cathedral Schools
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A 7 page essay (plus 1.5pg, FREE outline) discussing how the architecture of Cathedral schools evidence a greater attention to cultural values than the architecture of our contemporary schools. Bibliography lists approximately 7 sources .
Filename: Cathedra.wps

Ancient Egyptian Architecture
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2 pages worth of notes and discussion about temples and various structures in Egypt nearly 4,000 years old. No Bibliography.
Filename: Egyptemp.wps

The Pyramids Of Ancient Egypt
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An 8 page paper on the great pyramids of ancient Egypt. Focusing upon the Pyramid at Giza, the Pharaoh's pyramids, and more,-- the writer examines architecture, purpose, use, etc; Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Pyrdhist.wps

Basilica of National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
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A 5 page description of the history, architecture and art of the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary is located in Baltimore, Maryland. Details it original conception and construction and describes it current beauty. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Basilvm.wps

The Virgin Mary, Or Madonna in Art / Changing Image
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In 6 pages, the author discusses how the art images of Virgin Mary, or Madonna have changed. There have been numerous paintings and sculptures of the Virgin Mary since the time of Christ. Some pictures of the Virgin Mary are in Bibles. There are elaborate paintings done in the styles and manners of famous artists. The Virgin Mary is seen through the eyes of the artist, and it is he/she who takes that image and puts it on canvas or in clay. The style of work also depends on the era, and the country in which the work was created. Over time, those images have changed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PCvma.doc

The Dome Of The Rock
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A 7 page essay on this beautiful structure in Jerusalem. It is the oldest example of Islamic architecture in which the original art work is, more or less, unchanged from ancient times. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Jerusa.wps

Space Syntax Theory & Islamic Architecture
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This 6 page paper defines and addresses the use of space syntax theory, particularly in respect to Islamic towns. This architectural tool is explored and compared to other theories used in the field. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Syntaxis.wps

Agoras, Greek & Roman
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A 6 page paper that explores the ancient Greek and Roman architecture of agoras (public squares), including their construction, materials, structures, ornamentation, and social significance. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Agoras.wps

Early Greek Architecture
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Approximately 10 pages in length. Paper examines periods and styles in early Greek architecture. Bibliography lists 7 sources (also includes annotated bibliography as well).
Filename: Grrek.wps

Frank Lloyd Wright / Architect
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A 6 page paper on Frank Lloyd Wright, a talented turn-of-the-century architect, whose designs were based largely on Wright's own infatuation with the 'architecture' of nature. Specific examples of this architect's work are provided to evidence this theme and to better-explain Wright's own ideology. Also mentioned is how some of his work reflects 'wholesome' family values existing during the period in which he designed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Wrightar.wps

Frank Lloyd Wright and the Prairie Style
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A 6 page paper which presents an overview of the Prairie style of Frank Lloyd Wright. This particular style, which Wright implemented in the early part of the 1900s, was a style unique in that it incorporated the structure of the prairie landscape, that which was flat and endless, into the design of the houses he built. It was, and is, a very simplistic design style which serves to illustrate yet another aspect of Wright's concern with incorporating the organic natural surroundings into his buildings. A brief description of Prairie style is illustrated, along with descriptions of two of his Prairie style houses, the Coonley House and the May House. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAprairie.wps

Frank Lloyd Wright's 'Fallingwater'
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This 5 page report discusses one of the architect Frank Lloyd Wright's most famous structures 'Fallingwater.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Falling2.wps

Frank Lloyd Wright's Architecture and Japanese Influence
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This 12 page report discusses the similarities between the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright and the architecture of Japan. Wright's most essential concepts were of comfort and livability, open and interesting spaces and plenty of natural light, as well as a conscious integration of the natural elements that are elemental to the human organism. Innovation, incorporation, and 'flow' are not just part of Japanese architecture but of Japan itself. Colors, shapes, even its pattern of light and darkness reflect an innate interconnectedness with nature in the designs of Wright as much as in Japanese design. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWflwJAP.rtf

Frank Lloyd Wright's Unity Temple Vs. McDonald's Restaurants
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A 5 page paper discussing the similarities and differences between Frank Lloyd Wright's design of the Unity Temple and the general design of McDonald's restaurants. Are there really any similarities between these two seemingly disparate structures? Indeed, the writer points to at least four ways in which the architecture is similar. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Unity.wps

Frank Lloyd Wright, The Later Years
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Most Americans have at least heard of Frank Lloyd Wright, his famous 'Fallingwater' house and, or, the Guggenheim Museum in New York City. This 6 page paper explores the work that Wright did in the 1950's, just prior to his death. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KTfrnklw.wps

Construction Of The Boeing Plant
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A 5 page paper discussing the building of the Boeing manufacturing plant north of Seattle, Washington. The plant itself, the culture and religion of the people who built it , and the ethics of the people involved in the building are discussed, as well as the relationship between religion, culture, philosophy, and ethics in the plant?s development and construction. Bibliography lists six sources.
Filename: Boeingp.wps

Construction Work In The Mid 19th Century
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The 19th century presented itself as a time of extensive growth and change for the United States. With the frontier constantly expanding, construction was on the rise. This 4 page report looks at the job and lifestyle of mid-19th century construction workers. The writer is particularly concerned with techniques, challenges, obstacles, & levels of endurance. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Conswork.wps

High Rise Buildings / The Construction of Skyscrapers & The Emerging Use of Design and Construction Technologies
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When creating high rise buildings, demand on the structures, air pressure, and the central framing components all impact the outcome of the building process. This 5 page paper considers the process of creating steel and concrete framing and the tolerance required when utilizing different materials. In addition, this paper also reflects upon the increasing use of technology, including design and construction computer systems, that reduce the spacing in buildings segments, including leeway allotted between framing and the curtain walls, in order to provide greater support for the long-term function of the building and the meeting of compliance requirements. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Highrise.wps

Managing Temporary Construction Workers
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A 6 page paper analyzing the special problems of managing construction teams composed of both permanent and temporary workers. Temporary employment is the fastest-growing of all employment sectors as a greater percentage of positions are filled with employees for which the employer has no tax or benefit responsibility. There are nearly as many reasons for the use of temporaries as there are organizations using them, one of which is to ease the demands of labor needs during peak seasons so that they can preserve permanent positions when less work is available. The special concern in construction is the melding of individuals into a productive team whose members trust each other's competence and attention to safety. Temporaries can assimilate into these teams but must be retained to preserve the team's resulting levels of productivity. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Tempcons.wps

Feng Shui/ Less is Better
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An 18 page research paper that examines the Chinese art of feng shui, which concerns aspects of buildings design and placement that create a harmonious arrangement with nature. After examining this topic via a literature review, the writer offers an example of how a study on this topic might be composed. The questionnaire is included in the appendix. Bibliography lists 22 sources.
Filename: 99fengsh.wps

Architecture of the Villa Rotunda
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A 5 page essay describing the mathematical symmetry and ordered appearance created by this classic architecture. The writer describes how Andrea Palladio created the appearance of order by creating a central axis and symmetry in columns, windows from this point, and repeated on all four sides. The writer also describes how outer frescos add to the building’s stature, and how these themes are repeated internally. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Cnvlacap.wps

Racism as a Social Creation
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This 5 page paper looks at racism historically as well as in the present day. While a focus is on racism in America, the paper talks about race and racism in a general sense. The utilization of biological definitions is discussed but racism is seen as something which evolved from parts of American history. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA008rce.wps

"Living" Architecture
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This 7 page paper explores the historic work of Frank Lloyd Wright, Walter Gropius, Mies van der Rohe and Eero Saarinen. An example of each architect's work shows how their design, through use of innovate materials and unique vision, still "lives" in its environment. Bibliography lists 10 sources..
Filename: BBlivarc.doc.

(The) Gothic Cathedrals
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15 pages on the Gothic cathdral movement between 1100 - 1500 a.d. in Europe. Dividies into centuries. Describes Gothic architecture, changes and developments for each time period. Includes descriptions of major cathedrals for each century. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: Gothicca.wps

A Brief 15th century tour of Notre Dame de Paris.
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(3 pp) Lucky you! You are visiting Paris - of course it is the 15th century. This cathedral of Our Lady of Paris is one of our finest monuments. Let's go see for ourselves. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBnotreD.doc

Alternative Building Materials
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A 9 page research paper on alternative materials for home construction other then the traditional use of wood and drywall. The writer discusses unusual materials being used in construction today such as old tires, aluminum cans, bales of straw and rammed earth. This report shows that these homes are not only affordable, but energy efficient. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Altaarch.wps

Alvar Aalto's "Summer House"
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10 pages in length. The legacy of Alvar Aalto brings to mind the necessity to soften the inherent hardness of man's machines. Clearly, the prestigious architect knew what he was talking about when he often said that there must be a happy medium between the coldness of typical architectural style and the human beings who occupy such structures. His point was always meant to bring out the intrinsically natural quality of a building or piece of furniture as a means by which to strike a chord of affinity. Perhaps one of his greatest architectural examples of this was his famous Summer House. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCaalto.wps

American Museum of Natural History.
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(6 pp). The Rose Center's permanent exhibits, detailing the size, scope and growth of the universe as well as the earth's place within it, were unveiled in February (2000) inside the new structure of steel and glass. The seven-story orb appears to hover next to the museum, and at night it is illuminated, by a soft blue light. The center replaces the old Hayden Planetarium, a New York City landmark that introduced millions of city kids to the night sky between 1935 and 1997: kids are still thrilled - no matter what their ages. still and design and exhibits are spectacular.
Filename: BBamNHM.doc

Anthony Lawlor's Eight Elemental Forms
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A 7 page pager based Lawlor's (1994) book entitled "The Temple in the House." The writer focuses upon a specific chapter which outlines Lawlor's Eight "Elemental Forms" -- the greatest and most fundamental forces of architectural power. In Lawlor's view, these eight core elements of structural design comprise the primary basis for everything that we see, feel, and experience in a building. The writer applies what is learned in Lawlor's book to explicate the architectural design of Washington D.C.'s Capitol Building. One additional source is listed in bibliography.
Filename: Elemform.wps

Architect Marcel Breur
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6 pages in length. One of architect Marcel Breuer's earliest buildings was that of the architect's own home. Built in 1939 in Lincoln, Massachusetts, the construction consisted mainly of wood and stone bearing walls with wood spans. It was situated on a rural site in a temperate climate. The style of the time was considered modern. This paper focusses on his buildings built before 1950 as well as those built after 1950. A short biography of the architect is included. Bibliography includes 5 sources.
Filename: JGAbreur.wps

Architects I.M. Pei & Frank Gehry
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A 7 page research paper that examines the design philosophies and careers of architects I.M. Pei and Frank Gehry. The writer spotlights and discusses several buildings designed by each of these famous architects. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khim&fg.wps

Architecture Theory And Criticism: Recent Trends And Developments
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An 8 page paper discussing the definition of 'modern' and relating architecture to social theory. Works by Marshall Berman, Kate Nesbitt, Diane Ghirardo, Thomas Dutton and Hussan Fathy are discussed. Despite raising the ire of architectural purists, these authors, over the objections of those not sharing their populist views and preferring to keep architecture in the realm of art and elitism rather than that of practical usefulness and a means of enhancing the quality of life for much of the world's population, understand that they are taking highly unpopular views with both conservatives and purists. In the defense of the rights of the world's peoples and faith that architecture can indeed meet the challenge, they all fully welcome the conflict they invite with their truths. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Thcrit.wps

Balkrishna V. Doshi
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7 pages in length. Balkrishna V. Doshi might well be considered not only India's premier architect but also one of the world's leading structural engineers of all time. His lifetime achievements have been nothing short of spectacular, and his eye for architectural excellence is truly unmatched. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCdoshi.wps

Bonding Mortars / The Advantages & Disadvantages of Different Types
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A 6 page paper that provides an overview of commonly utilized bonding mortars, including latex-modified concrete and mortars, and their benefits and disadvantages for use. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Mortar.rtf

British Architect Robert Adam
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A 4 page paper discussing the work of Robert Adam (1728-1792), the famous Scottish architect and interior designer. The son of a Scottish architect, Robert Adam was able to combine arrogance, social climbing and artistic elegance to become one of Britain's most sought-after architects and interior designers of his day. His work fell out of popular favor by 1780, but he continued working in public structures and turned extensively to furniture design. That design is still with us, and continues to enjoy periodic rejuvenation and rediscovery. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KSRbtAdam.wps

Building a New Home
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This well-organized 25 page report details the various procedures and processes necessary in the design and construction of a new "dream home." A sample abstract and letter of transmittal are included. All macro and micro factors are evaluated and analyzed from selecting an architect to choosing a plot upon which to build. The industry and economy are discussed as well. Paper is an excellent reference for those studying business, professional, and technical writing or certain sub-topics in architecture. Bibliography lists approximately 15 sources.
Filename: Homebild.wps

CAD - Computer Assisted Design as a Communication Tool.
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(8pp includes 2 comparative visuals) To be successful in the design professions requires not only talent and creativity, but a careful balance of technical skill, business sense and artistic expression. One hopes to find this balance in the professional area of architecture. Computer aided design (CAD) is a valuable tool in the service of this profession. This discussion will focus on the use of CAD within the profession. Thesis statement: Computer assisted design provides a valuable and ever developing tool for the advancement of architectural creativity in providing unique design solutions to modern problems and needs. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BBcadarc.doc

CAD Layer Standards
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This 5 page paper give an outline to the basic CAD standards with the purpose for their standardisation and a description of the different layers. The MLA style bibliography sites 3 sources.
Filename: TECADlay.wps

Chairs with Curves --Queen Anne Chairs from Boston, Newport, and Philadelphia
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This 6 page report discusses the unique characteristics of Queen Anne chairs and the primary differences that exist between America-made chairs that were crafted in Boston, Massachusetts, Newport, Rhode Island, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Queen Anne period existed from about 1702-1714. The style is characterized by its curves and elegant S-shaped cabriole leg. That shape was based on the shape of an animal’s hind leg. It (the leg) was distinct for its slender line and the club/pad foot or claw and ball foot. Illustrations included. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWchairs.wps

Charles and Ray Eames
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This 4 page paper considers the collaborative design work of Charles and Ray Eames, who throughout their careers aimed to deliver affordable, well-designed, and high quality products. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBeames.doc

Charles Willard Moore -- 'Humanist' Architect
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This 5 page report discusses the life and work of Charles Willard Moore. His design of both houses and public buildings offers a unique flow and 'user-friendliness.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Chmoore.wps

Cob Construction: An Ancient Form of Housing
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A 5 page paper which discusses the art of cob construction for housing. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: RAcob.wps

Computer Technology and its Application in Civil Engineering
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Over the past two decades, many professions have change significantly with the influx of technological developments. This 15 page paper reflects the nature of change as it has impacted the systems and operations in civil engineering. In addition, this paper also considers the different types of computer technologies being applied within this field, and evaluates successes and possible problems. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Civileng.wps

Cragside; A Singular House of the Victorian Age
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This 11 page paper considers the national Trust owned building of Cragside in Rothbury, Northumberland. This building was an innovative and unusual building, it was the first building to have the entire house lit by hydro-electric power, along with central heating, hot and cold running water, a Turkish bath, and even fire alarms. Built in 1870 – 1880 by Lord Armstrong the paper charts the development and impotence of this unusual building. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEcragsd.wps

Dance and Architecture: Spatiality and Orientation
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17 pages in length. Within dance, as within architecture, there is a continuum between space and time. As a dancer dances, the central part of the body is in unique correlation with the limbs, and the spatiality between all parts creates an art form which is the dance itself. The dance is not merely a series of movements, just as architecture is not merely a series of buildings. The entirety of the work is determined not only by the positive spaces, i.e., the body or the buildings, but by the negative spaces as well. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: JGAarcdn.wps

Daniel Burnham & Edward Bennett / Their Impact on Chicago
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This 5 page report discusses the impact of Burnham and Bennett on the architecture and plan of Chicago at the turn of the century and how that plan has continued to be recognized as a major contribution in the design and planning of a modern city. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Burnbenn.wps

Design
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There are a myriad and one ways to look at design and a plethora and two areas of design. This 10 page paper gives an overview of design with an emphasis on what makes for good design and who determines what that is. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KTdesign.wps

Design / Build In The Construction Industry -- A Cost-Saving Structure
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An 11 page paper that provides an overview of the design/build strategy as it relates to the roles of owner, contractor, engineer, construction manager and architect. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Designb.wps

Design Masters Repair: Frank Lloyd Wright
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(8pp) According to Strickland (1992), Frank Lloyd Wright said, "not only do I intend to be the greatest architect who has yet lived, but the greatest architect of all time (147). And although most of us don't like a braggart, he may have come very close to his demands. The design gifts that he has given to the American home include cathedral ceilings, built in furniture and lighting fixtures, casement windows, carports, the huge, and often dominant fireplace, and the "split-ranch" style of building.Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BBFLWrht.doc

Design Theory / Textbook Review
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11 pages in length. A chapter by chapter analysis of a textbook on Design Theory. Technology, depth, rhetoric, ethics, and more are examined both in summary & evaluation.
Filename: Designbk.wps

Detroit's J.L. Hudson Building
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This 5 page report discusses the history and fate of one of the great buildings in the Detroit, Michigan, skyline. J.L. Hudsons's Department Store was considered by many to be a unique American institution that changed the way people viewed downtown and shopping. The building was vacated in 1983 and demolished in 1998. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Hudsonjl.wps

Development Of Architectural Style / Bauhaus to Modern
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A 5 page paper that discusses the architectural developments since the Bauhaus school, including examples from German, French, and American architecture. The paper discusses how American architecture was influenced by the Bauhaus school and how it has evolved from that era. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Bauhaus.wps

Feng Shui (pronounced feng schway)
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(20pp)For centuries, the Chinese have been using Feng Shui to create harmonious living environments that promote well-being (Rossbach 3). When man aligns himself with the natural forces of good energy he will experience good fortune, however, if man aligns himself with disturbing energy, he will be met with misfortune. The Chinese feel that the art of Feng Shui goes beyond mystical interior design, and is based on the placement of fixtures as well as the necessity of fitting in ones environment and the positive vibrations that one receives as a result of that balance. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BBfengsh.doc.

Fetishes In Architecture
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18 pages in length. Architecture is a very interpretive art that incorporates the use of various styles and techniques. For centuries, architectural fetishes have played a significant role in the creation of buildings and structures all over the world. The writer examines the use and techniques of fetish architecture as it applies to several time periods. Extensive bibliography included.
Filename: Fetisha.wps

Fine Art "Tools" for Scenic Design
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(7 pp). In this discussion, one of the early works by da Vinci, will be used as a departure point, and the fine art qualities of line, color, composition, texture and light, will be examined within that painting, as well as through the work of Caravaggio, Gainsborough, Turner and Frith. Includes 4 visuals (da Vinci,Caravaggio,Turner and Frith.
Filename: BBartdsg.doc

Form & Function in 20th Century Architecture
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A 7 page paper giving a general overview of modern architecture. Architecture may have witnessed more changes in the 20th century than at any other time aside from the shift from mud huts to more permanently constructed buildings. When form reigned supreme, people were forced to adapt to the structure and not all were privy to having any sort of structure they could call their own. But with the advent of the idea of people first with buildings serving their needs, function took the lead, letting form grow from the function needed in any specific structure. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Archi20c.wps

Global TransPark Airport Design
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A 10 page paper presenting the narrative for the design of a new international airport. Included in the discussion are the topics of site selection, benefits to the community, funding of construction, gate set up options with the classic 'V' chosen, concessions and their contribution to airport revenues, rental car arrangements and holding area locations, baggage issues, access control and ancillary businesses. Though the paper addresses several major issues, the overall focus is that of security and profitability. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Tranpark.wps

Greek Polis: Archeology
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11 pages in length. Greek polis, also known as city-state, was instrumental in establishing a sense of existence and purpose for myriad societies that followed. When assessing this importance, it is important for the student to take into consideration the influence of archeological aspects in order to fully appreciate the magnitude of such historical contribution. Archeology has played an integral role in determining the essence of the Greek polis, such as what it represented to the inhabitants, how the city-state survived amidst various challenges and struggles, as well as ascertains many social and cultural components. The writer discusses how the ancient relics, artifacts, structures and architecture play an integral role in determining not only how the Greek polis functioned but also how it served as an consequential reference to the historical timeline. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCpolis.wps

High Strength Alloy Steels
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A 12 page paper discussing some essential qualities of steel, and more especially, high strength alloy steels. A section on tool steel is included followed by a descriptive section on iron-based superalloys which are essential to steel strength. This is turn is followed by information regarding high strength low alloy steels. The paper finishes with a section titled 'steels for strength' which discusses strength steel in general. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Steel.wps

High-tech Used in Architecture as a Statement of "New Modernity."
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This 12 page paper explores "new" modernty in architecture, through first examining historical precedents, and then present examples in Canada, Yemen, and Australa. New modernity encompasses hgh technology with design which and nurture and sustain the human community, and requires assimilation and re-thinking of the past rather than simply discarding it. Bibliography lists sources. NOTE: sources attached.
Filename: BBtechmod.doc.

History of Early Inner-City Architecture In New York
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A 10 page that provides an overview of the history of architecture in New York City, with a focus on the book Low Life, by Luc Sante. This paper reflects upon architecture as it relates to urban planning and the implications of early architectural design. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Lifearch.wps

Hotel/Musee Carnavelet
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(5 pp.) At the corner of rue des Francsourgeois and rue de Sévigné is the admirable Hotel Carnavalet. As in many old records there is dispute whether it was built 1544 or 1548. Records list the house as being built from the designs of Pierre Lescot and Jean de Bullant, and has been credited with being one of the oldest Renaissance buildings in Paris. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBphotel.doc

Interior Design as a Profession
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A 7 page paper on the requirements necessary to start an interior design business which outlines education, professional associations, business planning, identifying attorneys, accounts, bankers, and organizational form. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Intdesi.wps

Interior of St. Peter's Church by Giovanni Paulo Pannini
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A 3 page paper that provides an analysis of this work, with a concentration on the physical qualities, iconography and style. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Pannini.wps

Joe Colombo; The Universal Chair, Design and Re-Design;
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This 5 page paper looks at the universal chair 4860 designed by Joe Colombo, considering is style and mixture of form and function, and then it discusses the redesign of the chair by Alessandro Mendini. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEcharde.wps

John Pawson: The Comfort of Exactness
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(25pp) Is it any wonder that the artist/ architect, who according to legend, claims that "there are fifty shades of white," would speak of his own work in crystalline form? The crystal itself, in all its own unique purity could well be a metaphor for Paxon's efforts in this field. Throughout this discussion we will look for those thing, which influenced the creativity of both his lifestyle, and his work. Simplicity brings with it a certain monumentality. It accommodates the fundamental essence of architecture, compression and release, enclosure and transparency. Pawson's architecture appears unforced, and effortless - the one who is unaware will think - I could have done that, or I could have put those materials together. But we smile to ourselves for we know that, he-our questioner of these simple but elegant materials didn't do the work. For the real appreciation of Pawson is the understanding that simplicity is not easily achieved. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: BBpwsonR.doc

John Pawson: The Comfort of Exactness.
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(25pp) Is it any wonder that the artist/ architect, who according to legend, claims that there are fifty shades of white, would speak of his own work in crystalline form? The crystal tself, in all its own unique purity could well be a metaphor for Paxon's efforts in this field. Throughout this discussion we will look for those thing, which influenced the creativity of both his lifestyle, and his work. For simplicity brings with it a certain monumentality. It accommodates the fundamental essence of architecture, c ompression and release, enclosure and transparency. Pawson's architecture appears unforced, and effortless - the one who is unaware will think - I could have used that, or I could have put those materials together. But we smile to ourselves for we know that, he-our questioner of these simple but elegant materials didn't do the work. For the real appreciation of Pawson is the understanding that simplicity is not easily achieved. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: BBpawson.doc

Le Corbusier
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An 8 page paper regarding the man and his archetectual contributions during the early 20th century. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: Lecorbus.wps

Louis Isadore Kahn / 20th Century Architect
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A 10 page paper on the life and works of 20th century architect Louis Kahn. The writer makes mention of some of Kahn's more famous creations such as the Salk biological Institute in La Jolla, California and goes into a detailed discussion of how the architect's works reflect his personal views and ideology. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Kahn.wps

Luis Barragan's Architectural Style
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An 8 page essay on the life and work of Mexican architect Luis Barragan. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Barragan.wps

Magnificent Church Buildings Are Not About Materialism
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This 7 page paper discusses the premise that modern Christians build large and beautiful churches as a reflection of their own materialism. The writer ultimately argues that such is not the case. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Churchb.wps

Married Student Dormitories at Harvard University / The Architecture Of Jose Luis Sert, 1962-1964
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A 10 page paper that reflects the basic structure, design and architecture of the Married Student Dormitories at Harvard University, designed by Jose Luis Sert and built in 1962-1964. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Harvarch.wps

MEDIEVAL ART: Early Christian, Early Islamic, Romanesque and Gothic
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(6 pp) This discussion will look as transition periods of Medieval Art from early Christian, early Islamic, and Romanesque and Gothic architecture. An art transition period has "flexible" boundaries, as forms and images flow back and forth in the terms of culture and community. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BBeaChAt.doc

Modern Architecture and Classical Influences
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This 5 page paper consider three modern architects and examples of their work. The Villa Muller in Prague of Adolf Loos, the 1909 Turbine Hall of Peter Behrens and Le Corbusier's La Tourette Monastery are all discussed in terms of their modern appearance and the influences in terms of classical style, symmetry proportion and general appearance. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEmodarc.wps

Modernism and Postmodernism in Design Compared
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of both trends, which are compared and contrasted. The paper focuses on these styles primarily related to architecture. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA120des.doc

Monuments To Man And Society
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This 5 page paper contains a description of the Belvedere torso and the arch of Titus, both architectural sculptures of the Hellenistic age. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KTgkscpt.wps

Mosques In Islam
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The mosque is traditionally the first permanent structure to be erected in any Muslim community. It serves as both the physical and spiritual center. This 10 page paper explores the relationship of the mosque to the Islamic culture, provides a discussion of the design elements and gives examples of three famous mosques. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KTmosque.wps

Office Architecture: Similarities Between Japan and the United States
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A 10 page observation of the many similarities shared by Japan and the United States in regard to office design and architecture. Accounts for these similarities with the theory of dominant ideologies, noting the Western influence on Japan which has been particularly obvious in the last one hundred or so years. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPjapOff.wps

Otto Wagner's Postsparkassenamt
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This 5 page paper considers this modern building, its style, construction and the impression that was desired by the architect and perceived by the public. The paper includes consideration of materials, structure, symmetry, ornamentation and craftsmanship. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEpostba.wps

Otto Wagner/ Role in the Art Nouveau and Modern Architectural Movements
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An 8 page paper discussing the Art Nouveau and Modern Architectural movements, their impact on the architecture of Europe and the role of Otto Wagner in these movements. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: Ottow.wps

Part-Time Labor Market / Construction Industry
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This 15 page research paper explores the world of part-time employment. The paper discusses the issue of part-time work in general and provides information related to employment in different countries. The essay then emphasizes the labor market in Australia, in general. Finally, the essay concludes with a discussion of the labor market in the construction industry. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: Parttm.wps

Partnerships in Social Housing; Applying the Egan Agenda
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This 10 page paper looks at the way in which social housing may benefit if the Egan Agenda was adopted in the construction of this type of property. Short term direct savings are considered as well as longer term indirect savings. The paper also includes a description of the Egan Report's general findings in order to better place the student to understand its application to social housing. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEhouegn.wps

Philips Electronics
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5 pages in length. A series of study questions based toward Philips Electronics. Topics include core competence, value chain methodology and business strategies.
Filename: JGAphlps.wps

Pugin vs. Niemeyer / A Comparative Study Between Two Architects
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A 6 page paper that documents the styles of 19th century architect Augustus Pugin and 20th century architect Oscar Niemeyer. While noting that these two architects shared little in common stylistically, the author attempts to show that these two men shared both an incredible impact on the architecture of their time and a highly developed sense of their art. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Pugineim.wps

Pumping Concrete
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A 10 page research paper which gives the details the development of the concrete pump, the applications for which pumping is best suited, the problems which can arise from pumping concrete, and the importance of mix design. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Concrete.wps

Reyner Banham's "Theory And Design In The First Machine Age": Architecture
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5 pages in length. The writer discusses Banham's critique of Purism, New Objectivity and Constructivism as they relate to functionalism. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCbanhm.wps

Risk Dynamics In Construction Projects
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This 8 page paper discusses different aspects of construction site risks. Statistics are provided regarding proportion of job-related injuries and deaths which are slowly decreasing. The steps needed to write a safety plan are also offered. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Consdyn.wps

Santa Maria Maggiore Mosaics
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This 5 page report discusses the mosaics of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome, 432-440 AD, that represent the oldest surviving example of mosaic ornamentation in a Christian church. The mosaics were primarily designed to serve as a chronicle of the events that led to the belief system of Christians and begin with the story of Abraham. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWsmmosa.wps

Sculptural Analysis.
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(5 pp) The student has been asked to describe and relate to a piece of sculpture than he has seen and is not "just in a book." A piece of art in a public place in a southwestern town is described, physically and personally.
Filename: BBsculpF.doc

Securing an Abandon Building
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4 page discussion of techniques for securing an abandon building from leaks, decay, etc;. Good resource tool for those studying various forms of security and maintenance. No Bibliography Included.
Filename: Building.wps

Staircases: Metaphorical and Real
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(5 pp) In myth and imagination, in history and reality, the staircase has always been a symbol of uncertainty and expectation. Architects have defined staircases to suggest levels of power, to suggest control and to heighten a sense of symbolic passage on a physical level. To demonstrate this idea three distinct historical staircases will be examined: stairs in the Palace of Knossos in Crete; stairs in a southern Georgia mansion and stairs in a southwest New Mexico chapel. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBstairC.doc

Stonehenge
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Stonehenge : A 1 page essay on the architectural construction of Stonehenge; a mystical European creation from the New Kingdom Temple- era. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: stonhnge.wps

Terminating a General Contractor's Contract
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A 7 page paper discussing changes in the American Institute of Architects' (AIA) model contract documents A201 and B141, which make greater allowances for terminating a general contractor than did their predecessors. The recent changes in the AIA's model contract documents do give the owner greater control. A general contractor can be terminated as a matter of choice or even whim, but the owner cannot take such action without incurring any costs at all. Though the general contractor can be terminated more easily, he still has a right to expect payment for work completed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KSarchiContr.wps

The Architecture of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
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This 4 page paper provides some biographical information on this man of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The paper addresses the way in which Mies changed society and architecture. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA013Mie.wps

The Architecture of Venturi and le Corbusier
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A 5 page paper discussing the work and philosophies of these two diverse architects, specifically with one work of each: Venturi's Sainsbury Wing of London's National Gallery and le Corbusier's Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts at Harvard University. The two have very different styles of course, but Venturi is seen as the more creative and versatile in that le Corbusier's Carpenter Center is a "cut and paste" amalgam of elements previously used in other designs in far different climates. These elements - a long ramp, diagonally oriented windows - are most useful for collecting unwelcome snow loads in Massachusetts' cold winters. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSarchVentLeC.wps

The Art of Adolf Loos and the Modern Philosophy of Austerism
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A 7 page paper that analyzes four Adolf Loos cites compared to the Modern philosophy of austerism. Loos used contradictory styles, although he said ornamentation is a crime. Some of his work was ornate by today's terminology as he worked in marble and brass and glass, rather than iron and glass---his competitors judgment of what properly reflected the times. Loos chose to reflect more than just metropolitan ideas and applied those ideas to the Khuner Country home. He even made an artistic attempt in his submission for the Chicago Tribune Building. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Adfloos.wps

The Colosseum
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A 15 page paper on the many aspects of the Roman Colosseum. A section discussing the building of the Colosseum is first included. This section describes many of the details involved in the building of the Colosseum, including the types of materials, the location, and the labor involved. This is followed by a section discussing the gladiators and then also a brief discussion of other events which occurred in the Colosseum and other arenas elsewhere that were in existence due to the popularity of the Colosseum. A brief discussion about our fascination with the Colosseum is also included, followed by a discussion about the Colosseum today. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Coloss.wps

The Competitive Environment of the Fiberglass Industry
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This 6 page paper assesses the fiberglass industry, in particular the companies that produce fiberglass insulation for residential and commercial buildings, and considers the nature of the business market. This paper assesses the competitive environment in the past three years, identifies competition, dynamics, basic strategies, and major threats within the industry. Further, this paper also considers the major industry trends as they reflect possible changes in the future of this industry. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: MHfiberg.wps

The Cultural Basis for the Development of Gothic Architecture
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A 15 page paper analyzing this pivotal period in art in terms of its relationship to the growing secularity of the society at the time. The paper looks in particular at the renovations of the Abbey at St. Denis, which added a Gothic choir to a Romanesque church, and the construction and later renovations to the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Gothart.wps

The Eames House
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8 pages in length. From Charles and Ray Eames's imagination came extravagance, detail and an unending quest for space, an influence they treasured from other architects who utilized a spatial tendency. No longer bound by the stagnant imagination of limited space and materials, Charles and Ray allowed themselves to create an architectural masterpiece by manipulating color and form, materials and shapes, spending their entire careers designing buildings with a context that was infused with the poetry of form. Annotated bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCeames.wps

The Effects of Fire and Future Tunnel Safety
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12 pages. In today's world of steel and concrete we are seeing more and more expansive tunnel systems being built for vehicular use. Many, such as the Chunnel System spanning the English Channel, are designed to carry many hundreds of thousands of people per day through their portals. There have been tragic fires in a majority of tunnel systems like these, and steps must be taken to engineer future tunnels with the thought of fire prevention and safety in mind. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: JGAfirex.wps